Diaphragm construction for turbines



NQV. 12, 1945. v. CRQNSTEDT 2,410,810

DIAPHRAGM CONSTRUCTION FOR TURBINES Filed July 23, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 1FIG.

Nov. 12, 1946.

V. CRONSTEDT FOR TURBINES DIAPHRAGM CONSTRUCTION Filed July 23, 1943 sSheets-sheaf 2 Nov. 12, 1946. v. .CRONSTEDT 2,410,810

DIAPHRAGM CONSTRUCTION FOR TURBINES Filed July 23, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3Patented Nov. 12, 1946 DIAPHRAGM CONSTRUCTION FOR TURBINES ValCronstedt, Marlboro, Conn, assignor to United Aircraft Corporation, EastHartford, Conn, a corporation of Delaware Application July 23, 1943,Serial No. 495,931

Claims.

This invention relates to turbines and particularly to the aligning ofthe split sections of the turbine diaphragms.

When a turbine is made up of several rows of diaphragms with nozzles,alternating with rows of rotating blades, the diaphragms are generallysplit to permit assembly of them with the rotor on which the blades aremounted. The inner portion of the split edges cannot be reached forfastening after assembly to the rotor. A feature of this invention isthe maintenance of alignment of the edges of the diaphragms. This isparticularly desirable in gas turbines subjected to large temperaturevariations.

Many turbines carry sealing rings at the inner edge of the diaphragm.Another feature of the invention is the support of these sealing ringsin the diaphragm. The co-pending application of Cronstedt and Ledwith,Serial Number 486,619 filed May 11, 1943, shows a turbine in which thecasing is made up of a number of rings, each of which has an integraldiaphragm. A number of these casing rings are split for assemblypurposes, and the outer edges of adjoining rings are connected to formthe casing. A feature of this invention is the use of stepped pins atthe inner edge of each diaphragm to hold the opposed halves of eachcasing ring in alignment.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the specification andclaims, and from the accompanying drawings which illustrate what is nowconsidered to be a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. l is a sectional view through the turbine.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the front casing ring of Fig. 2 alongline 3-3.

The turbine shown includes a casing to built up of rings I2, M, l6 andI8 supported by radial pins in a housing 22 and engaging bores in bosses24 in the casing. These pins are all in substantially the same plane andconstitute the sole support for the casing. A shaft 26 with rows ofblades 23 thereon rotates in proximity to nozzles 30 forming part of thediaphragms 32 integral with the casing rings.

Housing 22 has a head 34 which forms a part of the housing and supportsa bearing sleeve 36 for the front end of shaft 26. At the other end ofthe turbine, housing 22 has a spider 38 within which is a bearing 40 forthe shaft. The spider has a number of legs 42 engaging radial pins 44 inthe housing,

The diaphragm 32 which is integral with each casing ring has, inaddition to the nozzles, a disc 46 which extends inwardly from the rowof nozles. This disc carries at its inner edge a sealing ring 68. Thenozzles in adjacent diaphragms alternate with the rows of blades on theshaft.

Casing rings I4, l6 and I8 are split on radial planes, bolts 50 holdingthe halves of each split ring together at its outer periphery. Theplanes of the splits of adjoining casing rings may be staggered as shownin Fig. 2.

To maintain the sections of each split casing ring in alignment, disc 46is provided with bores 52 which receive aligning pins 54. The bores 52are located where the casing rings are split so that a part of each borelies in each half of the disc forming opposed recesses which, when thering sections are assembled, receive the pins, thus aligning the discsradially against distortions.

Disc 46 may have a radially extending groove 56 in its inner edgeintersecting bores 52. Each pin has an enlarged central portion fittingwithin the groove and engaging opposite side walls of the groove to holdthe parts of the diaphragm in axial alignment.

This groove 56 may receive a peripheral flange 58 on sealing ring 48 inwhich case the flange will have an opening 60 to receive the enlargedportion of each pin. As best shown in Fig. 2, the sealing ring is alsosplit diametrically and is assembled with its split out of alignmentwith the split in the casing ring further to steady the diaphragm.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificembodiment herein illustrated and described, but may be used in otherways without departure from its spirit as defined by the followingclaims.

I claim:

Means for aligning the split sections of a turbine diaphragm, eachsection having opposed recesses therein, said means including a pinfitting in said recesses, said pin extending aXially of the diaphragm,and having an enlarged part engaging laterally with the diaphragm tohold the pin against endwise movement relative to the diaphragm and tohold the halves of the diaphragm in alignment.

2. Means for aligning the split sections of a turbine diaphragm, eachsection having opposed recesses therein, said diaphragm also having agroove in its inner surface with which the recesses intersect, and aseal having a flange overlapping the inner periphery of the diaphragm,said means including a pin engaging the opposed recesse and having anenlarged part fitting in the groove, said flange having an opening withwhich a part of the pin engages.

3. Means for aligning the split sections of a turbine diaphragm, eachsection having opposed recesses therein, said diaphragm also having agroove in its inner surface with which the recesses intersect, and aseal having a flange in said groove, said means including a pin engagingthe opposed recesses and having an enlarged part fitting in the grooveand engaging opposite side" walls of the groove, said flange having anopening with which the enlarged part of the pin engages.

4. A split turbine diaphragm having opposed sections in the adjoiningedges of which are recesses, said diaphragm also having an annulargroove in its inner periphery, a seal having a flange in said groove,and an axially extending eesses, said diaphragm also having an annulargroove in its inner periphery, a seal having a flange in said groove,and an axially extending aligning pin engaging the recesses in thediaphragm and the flange of the seal, said seal being split and havingits line of split out of alignment with the line of split of thediaphragm.

VAL CRONSTEDT.

